NUMBER XCVII.
(No: 97 January 1856.)

I. On the Conjugation of Cocconeis , Cymbella and Amphora ; together with some Remarks on Amphiphora alata (?). Kg. By H. J. Carter Esq. Assistant-Surgeon H.C.S., Bombay . (With Plate.) Page 1.
II. Description of a new species of Clausilia from the neighbourhood of Cheltenham . By A. Schmidt. Page 10.
III. Memoir on the Indian species of Shrews. By Edward Blyth. Esq. With Notes by Robert F. Tomes, Esq. Page 11.
IV. On the Mechanism of Aquatic Respiration and on the Structure of the Organs of Breathing in Invertebrate Animals. By Thomas Williams, M.D. Lond. (With Plate.) Page 28.
V. On the Origin of the Geographical Distribution of Crustacea. By Mr, James D. Dana. Page 42.
VI. On Anthracosia, a Fossil Genus of the Family Unionidæ . By William King, Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in Queen's College, Galway . (With Plate.) Page 51.
VII. On the Genus Assiminia . Page 57.

New Books :- Recherches sur les Criniodes du Terrain Carbonifére de la Belgique, par L. de Koninck et H. le Hon.- A Lecture of the Geological History of Newbury, Berks, by Rupert Jones, F.G.S. Page 58-61.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Pages 62-74.

Observation on the Blistering Beetles of the neighbourhood of Montevideo , by M. A. Courbon; Unusual Dearth of Algæ in 1855, by John Cocks; Observations on Echini perforating the Granite of Brittany, by M. Valenciennes; New species of Mammals and Birds; Description of a New Bird from Guatemala, forming the type of new genus, by John Gould, F.R.S &c.; The late Mr Newport; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 75-78.

NUMBER XCVIII.
(No: 98 February 1856.)

VIII. Notes on the Palæozoic Bivalved Entomostraca. No. III. Some Species of Leperditia. By T. Rupert Jones, F.G.S. (With two Plates.) Page 81.
IX. Further Observation on the Development of Gonidia (?) from the Cell-contents of the Characeæ , and on the Circulation of the Mucus-substance of the Cell. By H. J. Carter, Esq., Assistant Surgeon H.C.S., Bombay . (With two Plates.) Page 101.
X. Amended Description of the Genus Scaphula , Benson, a fresh-water form of the Arcacea ; with characters of a new species from Tenasserim. By W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 127.
XI. Description of Tanystoma tubiferum , A Burmese form related to the Genus Anostoma of Lamarck. By W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 129.
XII. On Pleurodictyum problematicum . By William King, Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in Queen's College, Galway ; Corresponding Member of the Natural History and Medical Society of Dresden, &c. (With Plate.) Page 131.
XIII. On the Mechanism of Aquatic Respiration and on the Structure of the Organs of Breathing in Invertebrate Animals. By Thomas Williams, M.D. Lond. (With Plate.) Page 142.
XIV. On the Marine Testacea of the Piedmontese Coast . By J. Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq., F.R.S. Page 155.
XV. Notes on the Review of G. R. Gray's “Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds” in the December Number of the “Annals.” By G. R. Gray, F.L.S. &c. Page 189.

New Books :- A Popular History of Palms and their Allies, by Berthold Seemann, Ph.D. &c.- Museum of Economic Botany, or a Popular Guide to the Museum of the Royal Gardens of Kew, by Sir W. J. Hooker, Director. A Handbook to the Marine Aquarium, by P. H. Gosse. Popular Geography of Plants, or a Botanical Excursion round the World, by E. M. C. Edited by C. Daubeny, M.D. &c. The Flowering Plants and Ferns of Great Britain; an attempt to classify them according to their Geognostic relations, by J. G. Baker. Pages 194-199.

Proceeding of the Zoological Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Pages 200-206.

Memorandum on the Animal of Scissurella crispate , Lucas Barrett, F.G.S.; Notes on the Marine Fauna of Weymouth, by William Thompson; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 206-208.

NUMBER XCIX.
(No: 99 March 1856.)

XVI. On the House Ant of Madeira . By Professor O. Heer, of Zurich . Translated from the original by R. T. Lowe, M.A. (With Plate.) Page 209.
XVII. Characters of seventeen new forms of the Cyclostmacea from the British Provinces of Burmah, collected by W. Theobald , jun., Esq. By W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 225.
XVIII. Descriptions of three newly discovered species of Araneidea. By John Blackwall, F.L.S. Page 233.
XIX. On some species of Epilobium . By Charles C. Babington, M.A., F.R.S. &c. Page 236.
XX. On the Mechanism of Aquatic Respiration and on the Structure of the Organs of Breathing in Invertebrate Animals. By Thomas Williams, M.D. Lond. Page 247.
XXI. Notes on Permian Fossils:- Palliobranchiata , By William King, Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in Queen's University, Ireland (Q.C. Galway); Corresponding Member of the Natural History and Medical Society of Dresden, &c. (With Plate.) Page 258.
XXII. On Scissurella crispata . By William Clarke, Esq. Page 269.
XXIII. Further Notices of Piedmontese Mollusca. By Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq. F.R.S. Page 271.

New Books :- The Natural History of Tineina, by H. T. Stainton, assisted by Prof. Zeller and J. W. Douglas. Sylloge Generum Specierumque Cryptogamicarum quas in variis operibus descriptas iconibusque illustrates, nume ad diagnosim redactas, nounullasque novas interjectas ordine systematico diposuit C. Mantagne, D.M. &c. Page 272-279.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh .

On the Earliest Stages in the Development of Pelagia noctiluca , by Dr. A. Krohn. Description of a new species of Swift; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 258-288.

NUMBER C.
(No: 100 April 1856.)

XXIV. On the Theory of the Fecundation of the Ovum. By E. Claparéde . Page 289.
XXV. On some species of Epilobium . By Charles C. Babington, M.A. F.R.S. &c. Page 311.
XXVI. Note on the Genus Scissurella . By Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq. F.R.S. Page 319.
XXVII. On the House Ant of Madeira . By Professor O. Heer, of Zurich . Translated from the original by R. T. Lowe, M.A. Page 322.
XXVIII. Notes on Permian Fossils:- Palliobranchiata . By William King, Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in Queen's College, Galway; Corresponding Member of the Natural History and Medical Society of Dresden, &c. Page 333.
XXIX. Remarks on the Genera Tanystoma , Nematura , and Anaulus . By W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 342.
XXX. New Researches in Vegetable Embryogeny. By M. Tulasne. Page 343.
XXXI. On the Tracheal System of Insects. By Thomas Williams, M.D. Lond. Page 347.

New Books :- Insecta Maderensia; being an Account of the Insects of the Islands of the Maderian Group, by T. Vernon Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Page 348.

Proceedings of the Bombay Branch Royal Asiatic Society; Zoological Society.

On the mode in which the Tachinæ escape from their Pupa-cases, by Dr. Reissig; On the apparent Absence of a Nervous System in Nemoptera lusitanica , by M. Léon Fufour; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 365-368.

NUMBER CI.

(No: 101 May 1856.)

XXXII. On some species of Arctium . By Charles C. Babington, M.A. F.R.S. &c. Page 369.
XXXIII. List of the Mollusca observed between Drontheim and the North Cape . By R.M'Andrew, Esq., F.L.S., and L. Barrett, Esq. F.G.S. Page 378.
XXXIV. Some Account of an Infant “Orang-Utan.” By Alfred R. Wallace, Esq. Page 386.
XXXV. On the Theory of the Fecundation of the Ovum. By I. Claparéde. Page 390.
XXXVI. Another Note on Scissurella. By S. P. Woodward, F.G.S. Page 401.
XXXVII. On the Occurrence of the Fossil Genus Conoteuthis , D'Orb., in England . By S. P. Woodward, F.G.S. Page 402.
XXXVIII. On the Development of the Freshwater Sponges. By N. Lieberkühn . Page 403.
XXXIX. On the Development of Chitons. By Prof. S. Lovén. Page 413.
XL. On Cell-development in Plants. By Prof. Arthur Henfrey, F.R.S. Page 417.

New Books :- A Monograph of the British Hieracia, by James Backhouse, Jun. List of British Coleoptera, by J.F. Dawson, LL.B., and Hamlet Clark, M.A. Pages 418-419.

Proceedings of the Royal Society; Zoological Society; Linnæn Society; Geological Society. Pages 420-441.

The British Museum – its Catalogues and accessions in Zoology; On the Development of the Lampreys, by M. Schultze; Note on Clausilia Mortilleti , by Charles Prentice; On a supposed new species of the genus Equus , by M. I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 441-448.

NUMBER CII.
(No: 102 June 1856.)

XLI. On the British Diostylidæ . By C. Spence Bate, F.L.S. (With three Plates.) Page 449.
XLII. Description of a new species of Sphærium found near London . By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., P.B.S. &c. Page 465.
XLIII. Descriptions of eight new species of Birds from South America . By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.Z.S. &c. Page 466.
XLIV. On Scissurella and Schismope . By J. Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq., F.R.S. Page 470.
XLV. On the Orang-Utan or Mias of Borneo . By Alfred R. Wallace. Page 471.
XLVI. On Prof. Huxley's attempted Refutation of Cuvier's Laws of Correlation, in the Reconstruction of extinct Vertebrate Forms. By H. Falconer, M.D., F.R.S. &c. Page 476.
XLVII. Descriptions of three new species of Paludomus from Burmah, and of some forms of Stenothyra ( Nematura ) from Penang , Mergui, &c. By W. H. Benson. Esq. Page 494.
XLVIII. On the Minute Structure of certain Brachiopod Shells; and on Vegetable Cell-Formation. By Wallace B. Carpenter, M.D., F.R.S., F.G.S. Page 502.

New Books :- General Outline of the Organization of the Animal Kingdom, and Manual of Comparative Anatomy, by Thomas Rymer Jones, F.R.S. 2 nd Edition. Page 507.

Proceeding of the Zoological Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Pages 510-520.

On the Influence of the Soil on the Distribution of Plants, by M. Stur; Note on the Freshwater Dolphins of South America , by M. Paul Gervais; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 520-523.

Index. Page 524.

NUMBER CIII.
(No: 103 July 1856.)

I. Monograph of the genus Catops . By Andrew Murray. Page 1.
II. On a second new species of Sphærium from the Paddington Canal . By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &c. Page 25.
III. On the Habits of the Orang-Utan of Borneo . By Alfred R. Wallace. Page 26.
IV. Polyzoa collected by Mr. M'Andrew on the coast of Norway and Finmark in 1856. By George Busk, F.R.S. & L.S. (With Plate.) Page 32.
V. On the Evils of Increasing Synonyms. By S. P. Woodward. F.G.S. Page 36.
VI. Observations on the External Characters and Internal Anatomy of a Bitentaculate Slug found at the Island of Aneiteum . New Hebrides . By John Denis Macdonald, R.N. (With Plate.) Page 38.
VII. On Vegetable Cell-Formation. By Prof. Arthur Henfrey, F.R.S. Page 42.
VIII. On the Method of Palæontology. By Thomas H. Huxley, F.R.S., Lecturer on General Natural History at the Government School of Mines, and Fullerian Professor of Physiology R.I. Page 43.

New Books :- The Ferns of Great Britain , illustrated by J. E. Sowerby; the Descriptions by C. Johnson. The Ferns of Great Britain and their Allies, by Anne Pratt. The Fern-Allies, illustrated by J. E. Sowerby; the Descriptions by C. Johnson. British Poisonous Plants, by C. Johnson. Page 54.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society; Royal Institution of Great Britain ; Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Pages 56-73.

Note on Edwardsia vestila (Forbes), by P. H. Gosse; On Cyclas lacustris , Draparnaud, by J. Gwyn Jeffreys; Occurrence of Clousilia Mortilleti in Kent , by W. H. Benson; on the Siliceous Sporangial Sheath of the Diatomaceæ , by J. W. Griffith, M.D.; On the Non-existence of Polarizing Silica in the Organic Kingdoms, by Prof. J. W. Bailey; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 73-80.

NUMBER CIV.
(No: 104 August 1856.)

IX. On the Development and Propagation of Sphæroplea annulina . By Dr Ferdinand Cohn. Page 81.
X. New Terrestrial Shells from Ceylon , with a General List of the Species inhabiting that Island . By W. H. Benson. Esq. Page 94.
XI. Notice of a curious Metamorphosis in a Polyp-like animal. By C. W. Peach, Member of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh . (With Plate.) Page 99.
XII. Brief Outline of the Anatomy of the genus Atlas (Lesueur). By John Denis Macdonald, R.N. (With Plate.) Page 101.
XIII. On the Development of Arenicola piscatorum ; with Remarks upon that of other Branchiferous Annelides. By Dr. Max Schultze. (With Plate.) Page 105.
XIV. Notes on the Freshwater Infusoria of the Island of Bombay . No. 1. Organization. By H. J. Carter, Esq., Assistant-Surgeon H.C.S., Bombay . (With three Plates.) Page 115.
XV. Monograph of the genus Catops . By Andrew Murray. Page 133.
XVI. On a new British species of Skenea . By W. Webster, Esq. (With Plate.) Page 156.
XVII. Description of a New Species of Dolphin (Steno) from the upper parts of the River Amazon. By J. E. Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S. &c. Page 157.

New Books :- Manual of Geology, Practical and Theoretical, by John Phillips, M.A., F.R.S. &c. Tenby; a Sea-side Holiday, by Philip Henry Gosse , A.L.S. Manual of British Botany, containing the Flowering Plants and Ferns arranged according to the Natural Orders, by Charles Cardale Babington, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S. &c. Fourth Edition. Trees and their Nature, or the Bud and its Attributes, by Alex. Harvey , A.M., M.D. &c. Pages 159-166.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Pages 166-183.

On the probable Origin of the Organized Beings now living in the Azores , Madeira , and the Canaries, by M. Oswald Heer. Note on Clausilia plicatula and C. Mortilleti , by J. Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq., F.R.S.; Note on Lernæa branchialis , by W. P. Cocks; On two new species of Birds from Santa Fé di Bogota, by Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.Z.S.; Note on the British Diostylidæ , by C. Spence Bate, F.L.S.; Note on Helix Cantiana , Mont., by Wm. Lonsdale, Esq., F.G.S.; Description of a Fossil Cranium of the Musk-buffalo, from the Gravel at Maidenhead, Berks, by Prof. Owen, F.R.S.; A last word on Scissurella , by J, Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq., F.R.S.; New Mode of Cleaning Diatomaceous Deposits, By Prof. J. W. Bailey; New Method of Disintegrating masses of Fossil Diatomaceæ , by Prof. J. W. Bailey; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 183-192.

NUMBER CV.
(No: 105 September 1856.)

XVIII. Attempts at a Natural Arrangement of Birds. By Alfred R. Wallace, Esq. Page 193.
XIX. Recent Discoveries in Vegetable Embryogeny. By Arthur Henfrey, F.R.S., Professor of Botany in King's College, London . Page 217.
XX. On Edwardsia carnea , a new British Zoophyte. By Philip Henry Gosse, F.R.S. (With Plate.) Page 219.
XXI. Notes on the Freshwater Infusoria of the Island of Bombay . No. 1. Organization. By H. J. Carter, Esq., Assistant-Surgeon H.C.S., Bombay . Page 221.
XXII. Descriptions of one Indian and nine new Burmese Helices ; and Notes on two Burmese Cyclostomacea . By W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 249.
XXIII. On an Abnormality in the Flowers of Salix Andersoniana . By John Lowe, Esq. Page 254.
XXIV. Cardium exiguum ; its Siphons and its Byssus. By Philip H. Gosse, F.R.S. (With Plate.) Page 257.

New Books:- An Introduction to Entomology, or Elements of the Natural History of Insects, by William Kirby M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., and William Spence, F.R.S., F.L.S. Ferny Combes; a Ramble after Ferns in the Glens and Valleys of Devonshire, by Charlotte Chanter. Pages 258-260.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society. Pages 260-268.

On the Vitality of the Anguillulæ of Mildewed Wheat, by C. Davaine; Notice of a new species of Nocturnal Lizard from Mexico , by Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &c.; On a new genus and species of Trochilidæ from Ecuador, by John Gould, F.R.S. &c.; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 268-272.

NUMBER CVI.
(No: 106 October 1856.)

XXV. Monograph of the British Umbilicariæ . By the Rev. W. A. Leighton, B.A., F.B.S.E. (With Plate.) Page 273.
XXVI. On the Development of the Lampreys. By August Müller. Page 298.
XXVII. Monograph of the genus Catops . By Andrew Murray. Page 302.
XXVIII. Contributions to the Anatomy of the Infusoria. By N. Lieberkuhn . Page 319.
XXIX. New British Arthoniæ . By the Rev. W. A. Leighton, B.A., F.B.S.E. (With Plate.) Page 330.

Proceedings of the Royal Society; Botanical Society of Edinburgh ; Zoological Society. Pages 333-348.

Obituary Notice – William Yarrell; Ampioxus lanceolatus , by W. P. Cocks; Description of a newly discovered Tanager of the genus Buarremon , by Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A. &c. Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 348-352.

NUMBER CVII.
(No: 107 November 1856.)

XXX. A Notice of some New Genera and Species of British Hydroid Zoophytes. By Joshua Alder, Esq. (With three Plates.) Page 353.
XXXI. The Vegetable Individual, in its relation to Species, By Dr. Alexander Braun, Professor of Botany in the University of Berlin . &c. Translated by Chas. Francis Stone. B.A. Page 363.
XXXII. On the young state of Ophiocoma rosula , and on the Form and Development of the Spines of this species. By T. H. Stewart. (With Plate.) Page 387.
XXXIII. Monograph of the genus Catops . By Andrew Murray. Page 391.
XXXIV. Elucidation of some Plants mentioned in Dr. Grancis Hamilton's Account of the Kingdom of Nepál . By Lieut.-Colonel Madden, F.R.S.E., President of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Page 404.
XXXV. Notice of a New Subgenus of Helicinadæ . By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. Page 414.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society. Pages 415-424.

On Clausilia Rolphii and Mortilleti , by W. H. Benson, Esq.; On the Origin of Greensand, and its Formation in the Oceans of the present Epoch, by Prof. J. W. Bailey; On the Cumæ , by Prof. Agassiz; Note on Callitriche hamulata , By Frederick Townsend; Rare British Birds, by W. P. Cocks; Descriptions of two new species of the genus Orthotomus , byFrederick Moore, Assist. Mus. East India Company; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 424-432.

NUMBER CVIII.
(No: 108 December 1856.)

XXXVI. New Land Shells collected by E. L. Layard, Esq. and described by W. H. Benson, Esq. Page 433.
XXXVII. Descriptions of three new British Zoophytes. By Joshua Alder, Esq. (With Plate.) Page 439.
XXXVIII. Elucidation of some Plants mentioned in Dr. Francis Hamilton's account of the Kingdom of Nepál . By Lieut.-Colonel Madden, F.R.S.E., President of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh . Page 442.
XXXIX. Monograph of the genus Catops . By Andrew Murray. Page 457.
XL. On the Abnormal Operculum of Polydonta elegans of New Zealand . By Dr. J. E. Gray. F.R.S. &c. Page 468.
XLI. Note on Reticularia immerse and Halia prætenuis . By the Rev. Thomas Hincks, B.A. Page 469.
XLII. Contribution to the Conchology of France . By J. Gwyn Jeffreys, Esq. F.R.S. Page 471.

New Books :- Flora Cectensis; being a Systematic Description of the Phænogamous or Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to the Isle of Wight, by the late W. A. Bromfield, M.D. Sylloge Floræ Europææ seu plantarum vascularium Europæ indigenarum enumeration, adjectis synonymis graviorbus et indicate sinularum distributione geographica, auctore C. F. Nyman. Pages 473-475.

Proceedings of the Zoological Society; Royal Society. Pages 475-491.

Observations on the Structure of the Retina in certain Animals, by H. Müller; Remarks on Nika edulis , Risso, by William Thompson; Naucrates ductor , by W. P. Cocks; On Peculiar and Quasi-spontaneous Movements of the Plasmatic Cells of certain Animals, by Prof. Kölliker; Description of a new species of Actinia from the Devonshire Coast, By E. W. H. Holdsworth; Meteorological Observations and Table. Pages 492-499.

Index. Page 500.